3 ZOOM_connection_errcode(c)
4 ZOOM_connection_errmsg(c)
5 ZOOM_connection_addinfo(c)
6 ZOOM_connection_addinfo(c)
7 ZOOM_connection_diagset(c);
8 ZOOM_connection_save_apdu_wrbuf
10 ZOOM_resultset_record_immediate(s, pos)
11 ZOOM_resultset_cache_reset(r)
12 ZOOM_options_set_callback(opt, function, handle)
13 ZOOM_options_create_with_parent2(parent1, parent2)
14 ZOOM_options_getl(opt, name, len)
15 ZOOM_options_setl(opt, name, value, len)
16 ZOOM_options_get_bool(opt, name, defa)
17 ZOOM_options_get_int(opt, name, defa)
18 ZOOM_options_set_int(opt, name, value)
20 <chapter id="zoom"><title>ZOOM</title>
22 &zoom; is an acronym for 'Z39.50 Object-Orientation Model' and is
23 an initiative started by Mike Taylor (Mike is from the UK, which
24 explains the peculiar name of the model). The goal of &zoom; is to
25 provide a common Z39.50 client API not bound to a particular
26 programming language or toolkit.
30 From YAZ version 2.1.12, <ulink url="&url.sru;">SRU</ulink> is supported.
31 You can make SRU ZOOM connections by specifying scheme
32 <literal>http://</literal> for the hostname for a connection.
33 The dialect of SRU used is specified by the value of the
34 connection's <literal>sru</literal> option, which may be SRU over
35 HTTP GET (<literal>get</literal>),
36 SRU over HTTP POST (<literal>post</literal>), (SRU over
37 SOAP) (<literal>soap</literal>) or <literal>solr</literal>
38 (<ulink url="&url.solr;">Solr</ulink> Web Service).
39 Using the facility for embedding options in target strings, a
40 connection can be forced to use SRU rather the SRW (the default) by
41 prefixing the target string with <literal>sru=get,</literal>, like this:
42 <literal>sru=get,http://sru.miketaylor.org.uk:80/sru.pl</literal>
45 <ulink url="&url.solr;">Solr</ulink> protocol support was added to
46 YAZ in version 4.1.0, as a dialect of a SRU protocol, since both are
50 The lack of a simple Z39.50 client API for &yaz; has become more
51 and more apparent over time. So when the first &zoom; specification
53 an implementation for &yaz; was quickly developed. For the first time, it is
54 now as easy (or easier!) to develop clients than servers with &yaz;. This
55 chapter describes the &zoom; C binding. Before going further, please
56 reconsider whether C is the right programming language for the job.
57 There are other language bindings available for &yaz;, and still
59 are in active development. See the
60 <ulink url="&url.zoom;">ZOOM web-site</ulink> for
65 In order to fully understand this chapter you should read and
66 try the example programs <literal>zoomtst1.c</literal>,
67 <literal>zoomtst2.c</literal>, .. in the <literal>zoom</literal>
72 The C language misses features found in object oriented languages
73 such as C++, Java, etc. For example, you'll have to manually,
74 destroy all objects you create, even though you may think of them as
75 temporary. Most objects has a <literal>_create</literal> - and a
76 <literal>_destroy</literal> variant.
77 All objects are in fact pointers to internal stuff, but you don't see
78 that because of typedefs. All destroy methods should gracefully ignore a
79 <literal>NULL</literal> pointer.
82 In each of the sections below you'll find a sub section called
83 protocol behavior, that describes how the API maps to the Z39.50
86 <sect1 id="zoom-connections"><title>Connections</title>
88 <para>The Connection object is a session with a target.
91 #include <yaz/zoom.h>
93 ZOOM_connection ZOOM_connection_new(const char *host, int portnum);
95 ZOOM_connection ZOOM_connection_create(ZOOM_options options);
97 void ZOOM_connection_connect(ZOOM_connection c, const char *host,
99 void ZOOM_connection_destroy(ZOOM_connection c);
102 Connection objects are created with either function
103 <function>ZOOM_connection_new</function> or
104 <function>ZOOM_connection_create</function>.
105 The former creates and automatically attempts to establish a network
106 connection with the target. The latter doesn't establish
107 a connection immediately, thus allowing you to specify options
108 before establishing network connection using the function
109 <function>ZOOM_connection_connect</function>.
110 If the port number, <literal>portnum</literal>, is zero, the
111 <literal>host</literal> is consulted for a port specification.
112 If no port is given, 210 is used. A colon denotes the beginning of
113 a port number in the host string. If the host string includes a
114 slash, the following part specifies a database for the connection.
117 You can prefix the host with a scheme followed by colon. The
118 default scheme is <literal>tcp</literal> (Z39.50 protocol).
119 The scheme <literal>http</literal> selects SRU/get over HTTP by default,
120 but can overridded to use SRU/post, SRW and the Solr protocol.
123 You can prefix the scheme-qualified host-string with one or more
125 <literal><parameter>key</parameter>=<parameter>value</parameter></literal>
126 sequences, each of which represents an option to be set into the
127 connection structure <emphasis>before</emphasis> the
128 protocol-level connection is forged and the initialization
129 handshake takes place. This facility can be used to provide
130 authentication credentials, as in host-strings such as:
131 <literal>user=admin,password=halfAm4n,tcp:localhost:8017/db</literal>
134 Connection objects should be destroyed using the function
135 <function>ZOOM_connection_destroy</function>.
138 void ZOOM_connection_option_set(ZOOM_connection c,
139 const char *key, const char *val);
141 void ZOOM_connection_option_setl(ZOOM_connection c,
143 const char *val, int len);
145 const char *ZOOM_connection_option_get(ZOOM_connection c,
147 const char *ZOOM_connection_option_getl(ZOOM_connection c,
152 The functions <function>ZOOM_connection_option_set</function> and
153 <function>ZOOM_connection_option_setl</function> allows you to
154 set an option given by <parameter>key</parameter> to the value
155 <parameter>value</parameter> for the connection.
156 For <function>ZOOM_connection_option_set</function>, the
157 value is assumed to be a 0-terminated string. Function
158 <function>ZOOM_connection_option_setl</function> specifies a
159 value of a certain size (len).
162 Functions <function>ZOOM_connection_option_get</function> and
163 <function>ZOOM_connection_option_getl</function> returns
164 the value for an option given by <parameter>key</parameter>.
166 <table id="zoom-connection-options" frame="top">
167 <title>ZOOM Connection Options</title>
169 <colspec colwidth="4*" colname="name"></colspec>
170 <colspec colwidth="7*" colname="description"></colspec>
171 <colspec colwidth="3*" colname="default"></colspec>
174 <entry>Option</entry>
175 <entry>Description</entry>
176 <entry>Default</entry>
181 implementationName</entry><entry>Name of Your client
182 </entry><entry>none</entry></row>
184 user</entry><entry>Authentication user name
185 </entry><entry>none</entry></row>
187 group</entry><entry>Authentication group name
188 </entry><entry>none</entry></row>
190 password</entry><entry>Authentication password.
191 </entry><entry>none</entry></row>
193 authenticationMode</entry><entry>How authentication is encoded.
194 </entry><entry>basic</entry></row>
196 host</entry><entry>Target host. This setting is "read-only".
197 It's automatically set internally when connecting to a target.
198 </entry><entry>none</entry></row>
200 proxy</entry><entry>Proxy host. If set, the logical host
201 is encoded in the otherInfo area of the Z39.50 Init PDU
202 with OID 1.2.840.10003.10.1000.81.1.
203 </entry><entry>none</entry></row>
205 clientIP</entry><entry>Client IP. If set, is
206 encoded in the otherInfo area of a Z39.50 PDU with OID
207 1.2.840.10003.10.1000.81.3. Holds the original IP addreses
208 of a client. Is used of ZOOM is used in a gateway of some sort.
209 </entry><entry>none</entry></row>
211 async</entry><entry>If true (1) the connection operates in
212 asynchronous operation which means that all calls are non-blocking
214 <link linkend="zoom.events"><function>ZOOM_event</function></link>.
215 </entry><entry>0</entry></row>
217 maximumRecordSize</entry><entry> Maximum size of single record.
218 </entry><entry>1 MB</entry></row>
220 preferredMessageSize</entry><entry> Maximum size of multiple records.
221 </entry><entry>1 MB</entry></row>
223 lang</entry><entry> Language for negotiation.
224 </entry><entry>none</entry></row>
226 charset</entry><entry> Character set for negotiation.
227 </entry><entry>none</entry></row>
229 serverImplementationId</entry><entry>
230 Implementation ID of server. (The old targetImplementationId
231 option is also supported for the benefit of old applications.)
232 </entry><entry>none</entry></row>
234 targetImplementationName</entry><entry>
235 Implementation Name of server. (The old
236 targetImplementationName option is also supported for the
237 benefit of old applications.)
238 </entry><entry>none</entry></row>
240 serverImplementationVersion</entry><entry>
241 Implementation Version of server. (the old
242 targetImplementationVersion option is also supported for the
243 benefit of old applications.)
244 </entry><entry>none</entry></row>
246 databaseName</entry><entry>One or more database names
247 separated by character plus (<literal>+</literal>), which to
248 be used by subsequent search requests on this Connection.
249 </entry><entry>Default</entry></row>
251 piggyback</entry><entry>True (1) if piggyback should be
252 used in searches; false (0) if not.
253 </entry><entry>1</entry></row>
255 smallSetUpperBound</entry><entry>If hits is less than or equal to this
256 value, then target will return all records using small element set name
257 </entry><entry>0</entry></row>
259 largeSetLowerBound</entry><entry>If hits is greater than this
260 value, the target will return no records.
261 </entry><entry>1</entry></row>
263 mediumSetPresentNumber</entry><entry>This value represents
264 the number of records to be returned as part of a search when when
265 hits is less than or equal to large set lower bound and if hits
266 is greater than small set upper bound.
267 </entry><entry>0</entry></row>
269 smallSetElementSetName</entry><entry>
270 The element set name to be used for small result sets.
271 </entry><entry>none</entry></row>
273 mediumSetElementSetName</entry><entry>
274 The element set name to be for medium-sized result sets.
275 </entry><entry>none</entry></row>
277 init_opt_search, init_opt_present, init_opt_delSet, etc.</entry><entry>
278 After a successful Init, these options may be interrogated to
279 discover whether the server claims to support the specified
281 </entry><entry>none</entry></row>
283 <entry>sru</entry><entry>
284 SRU/Solr transport type. Must be either <literal>soap</literal>,
285 <literal>get</literal>, <literal>post</literal>, or
286 <literal>solr</literal>.
287 </entry><entry>soap</entry></row>
289 sru_version</entry><entry>
290 SRU/SRW version. Should be <literal>1.1</literal>, or
291 <literal>1.2</literal>. This is , prior to connect, the version
292 to offer (highest version). And following connect (in fact
293 first operation), holds the negotiated version with the server
294 (same or lower version).
295 </entry><entry>1.2</entry></row>
297 facets</entry><entry>
298 A FacetList is comma-separated list of facet, which is defined
299 as <literal>AttributeList</literal> and a optional FacetTerm
300 (a Term and a frequency). On request the terms is missing.
301 On response the the list contains the terms that the target
303 </entry><entry>none</entry></row>
305 apdulog</entry><entry>
306 If set to a true value such as "1", a log of low-level
307 protocol packets is emitted on standard error stream. This
308 can be very useful for debugging.
309 </entry><entry>0</entry></row>
311 saveAPDU</entry><entry>
312 If set to a true value such as "1", a log of low-level
313 protocol packets is saved. The log can be retrieved by reading
314 option APDU. Setting saveAPDU always has the side effect of
315 resetting the currently saved log. This setting is
316 <emphasis>write-only</emphasis>. If read, NULL will be returned.
317 It is only recognized in
318 <function>ZOOM_connection_option_set</function>.
319 </entry><entry>0</entry></row>
322 Returns the log of protocol packets. Will be empty if logging
323 is not enabled (see saveAPDU above). This setting is
324 <emphasis>read-only</emphasis>. It is only recognized if used
325 in call to <function>ZOOM_connection_option_get</function> or
326 <function>ZOOM_connection_option_getl</function>.
327 </entry><entry></entry></row>
332 If either option <literal>lang</literal> or <literal>charset</literal>
334 <ulink url="&url.z39.50.charneg;">
335 Character Set and Language Negotiation</ulink> is in effect.
338 int ZOOM_connection_error(ZOOM_connection c, const char **cp,
339 const char **addinfo);
340 int ZOOM_connection_error_x(ZOOM_connection c, const char **cp,
341 const char **addinfo, const char **dset);
344 Function <function>ZOOM_connection_error</function> checks for
345 errors for the last operation(s) performed. The function returns
346 zero if no errors occurred; non-zero otherwise indicating the error.
347 Pointers <parameter>cp</parameter> and <parameter>addinfo</parameter>
348 holds messages for the error and additional-info if passed as
349 non-<literal>NULL</literal>. Function
350 <function>ZOOM_connection_error_x</function> is an extended version
351 of <function>ZOOM_connection_error</function> that is capable of
352 returning name of diagnostic set in <parameter>dset</parameter>.
354 <sect2 id="zoom-connection-z39.50">
355 <title>Z39.50 Protocol behavior</title>
357 The calls <function>ZOOM_connection_new</function> and
358 <function>ZOOM_connection_connect</function> establishes a TCP/IP
359 connection and sends an Initialize Request to the target if
360 possible. In addition, the calls waits for an Initialize Response
361 from the target and the result is inspected (OK or rejected).
364 If <literal>proxy</literal> is set then the client will establish
365 a TCP/IP connection with the peer as specified by the
366 <literal>proxy</literal> host and the hostname as part of the
367 connect calls will be set as part of the Initialize Request.
368 The proxy server will then "forward" the PDU's transparently
369 to the target behind the proxy.
372 For the authentication parameters, if option <literal>user</literal>
373 is set and both options <literal>group</literal> and
374 <literal>pass</literal> are unset, then Open style
375 authentication is used (Version 2/3) in which case the username
376 is usually followed by a slash, then by a password.
377 If either <literal>group</literal>
378 or <literal>pass</literal> is set then idPass authentication
379 (Version 3 only) is used. If none of the options are set, no
380 authentication parameters are set as part of the Initialize Request
384 When option <literal>async</literal> is 1, it really means that
385 all network operations are postponed (and queued) until the
386 function <literal>ZOOM_event</literal> is invoked. When doing so
387 it doesn't make sense to check for errors after
388 <literal>ZOOM_connection_new</literal> is called since that
389 operation "connecting - and init" is still incomplete and the
390 API cannot tell the outcome (yet).
393 <sect2 id="zoom.sru.init.behavior">
394 <title>SRU/Solr Protocol behavior</title>
396 The HTTP based protocols (SRU, SRW, Solr) doesn't feature an
397 Inititialize Request, so the connection phase merely establishes a
398 TCP/IP connection with the HTTP server.
400 <para>Most of the ZOOM connection options do not
401 affect SRU/Solr and they are ignored. However, future versions
402 of &yaz; might honor <literal>implementationName</literal> and
403 put that as part of User-Agent header for HTTP requests.
406 The <literal>charset</literal> is used in the Content-Type header
410 Setting <literal>authentcationMode</literal> specifies how
411 authentication parameters are encoded for HTTP. The default is
412 "<literal>basic</literal>" where <literal>user</literal> and
413 <literal>password</literal> are encoded by using HTTP basic
417 If <literal>authentcationMode</literal> is "<literal>url</literal>", then
418 user and password are encoded in the URL by parameters
419 <literal>x-username</literal> and <literal>x-password</literal> as
420 given by the SRU standard.
424 <sect1 id="zoom.query"><title>Queries</title>
426 Query objects represents queries.
429 ZOOM_query ZOOM_query_create(void);
431 void ZOOM_query_destroy(ZOOM_query q);
433 int ZOOM_query_prefix(ZOOM_query q, const char *str);
435 int ZOOM_query_cql(ZOOM_query s, const char *str);
437 int ZOOM_query_sortby(ZOOM_query q, const char *criteria);
439 int ZOOM_query_sortby2(ZOOM_query q, const char *strategy,
440 const char *criteria);
443 Create query objects using <function>ZOOM_query_create</function>
444 and destroy them by calling <function>ZOOM_query_destroy</function>.
445 RPN-queries can be specified in <link linkend="PQF">PQF</link>
446 notation by using the
447 function <function>ZOOM_query_prefix</function>.
448 The <function>ZOOM_query_cql</function> specifies a CQL
449 query to be sent to the server/target.
450 More query types will be added in future versions of &yaz;, such as
451 <link linkend="CCL">CCL</link> to RPN-mapping, native CCL query,
452 etc. In addition to a search, a sort criteria may be set. Function
453 <function>ZOOM_query_sortby</function> enables Z39.50 sorting and
454 it takes sort criteria using the same string notation as
455 yaz-client's <link linkend="sortspec">sort command</link>.
457 <para id="zoom.query.sortby2">
458 <function>ZOOM_query_sortby2</function> is similar to
459 <function>ZOOM_query_sortby</function> but allows a strategy for
460 sorting. The reason for the strategy parameter is that some
461 protocols offers multiple ways of performing sorting.
462 For example, Z39.50 has the standard sort, which is performed after
463 search on an existing result set.
464 It's also possible to use CQL in Z39.50 as the query type and use
465 CQL's SORTBY keyword. Finally, Index Data's
466 Zebra server also allows sorting to be specified as part of RPN (Type 7).
468 <table id="zoom-sort-strategy" frame="top">
469 <title>ZOOM sort strategy</title>
471 <colspec colwidth="2*" colname="name"/>
472 <colspec colwidth="5*" colname="description"/>
476 <entry>Description</entry>
481 <entry>z39.50</entry><entry>Z39.50 resultset sort</entry>
484 <entry>type7</entry><entry>Sorting embedded in RPN(Type-7)</entry>
487 <entry>cql</entry><entry>CQL SORTBY</entry>
490 <entry>sru11</entry><entry>SRU sortKeys parameter</entry>
493 <entry>solr</entry><entry>Solr sort</entry>
496 <entry>embed</entry><entry>type7 for Z39.50, cql for SRU,
497 solr for Solr protocol</entry>
503 <sect1 id="zoom.resultsets"><title>Result sets</title>
505 The result set object is a container for records returned from
509 ZOOM_resultset ZOOM_connection_search(ZOOM_connection, ZOOM_query q);
511 ZOOM_resultset ZOOM_connection_search_pqf(ZOOM_connection c,
513 void ZOOM_resultset_destroy(ZOOM_resultset r);
516 Function <function>ZOOM_connection_search</function> creates
517 a result set given a connection and query.
518 Destroy a result set by calling
519 <function>ZOOM_resultset_destroy</function>.
520 Simple clients may using PQF only may use function
521 <function>ZOOM_connection_search_pqf</function> in which case
522 creating query objects is not necessary.
525 void ZOOM_resultset_option_set(ZOOM_resultset r,
526 const char *key, const char *val);
528 const char *ZOOM_resultset_option_get(ZOOM_resultset r, const char *key);
530 size_t ZOOM_resultset_size(ZOOM_resultset r);
533 Functions <function>ZOOM_resultset_options_set</function> and
534 <function>ZOOM_resultset_get</function> sets and gets an option
535 for a result set similar to <function>ZOOM_connection_option_get</function>
536 and <function>ZOOM_connection_option_set</function>.
539 The number of hits also called result-count is returned by
540 function <function>ZOOM_resultset_size</function>.
542 <table id="zoom.resultset.options"
543 frame="top"><title>ZOOM Result set Options</title>
545 <colspec colwidth="4*" colname="name"></colspec>
546 <colspec colwidth="7*" colname="description"></colspec>
547 <colspec colwidth="2*" colname="default"></colspec>
550 <entry>Option</entry>
551 <entry>Description</entry>
552 <entry>Default</entry>
557 start</entry><entry>Offset of first record to be
558 retrieved from target. First record has offset 0 unlike the
559 protocol specifications where first record has position 1.
560 This option affects ZOOM_resultset_search and
561 ZOOM_resultset_search_pqf and must be set before any of
562 these functions are invoked. If a range of
563 records must be fetched manually after search,
564 function ZOOM_resultset_records should be used.
565 </entry><entry>0</entry></row>
567 count</entry><entry>Number of records to be retrieved.
568 This option affects ZOOM_resultset_search and
569 ZOOM_resultset_search_pqf and must be set before any of
570 these functions are invoked.
571 </entry><entry>0</entry></row>
573 presentChunk</entry><entry>The number of records to be
574 requested from the server in each chunk (present request). The
575 value 0 means to request all the records in a single chunk.
576 (The old <literal>step</literal>
577 option is also supported for the benefit of old applications.)
578 </entry><entry>0</entry></row>
580 elementSetName</entry><entry>Element-Set name of records.
581 Most targets should honor element set name <literal>B</literal>
582 and <literal>F</literal> for brief and full respectively.
583 </entry><entry>none</entry></row>
585 preferredRecordSyntax</entry><entry>Preferred Syntax, such as
586 <literal>USMARC</literal>, <literal>SUTRS</literal>, etc.
587 </entry><entry>none</entry></row>
589 schema</entry><entry>Schema for retrieval, such as
590 <literal>Gils-schema</literal>, <literal>Geo-schema</literal>, etc.
591 </entry><entry>none</entry></row>
593 setname</entry><entry>Name of Result Set (Result Set ID).
594 If this option isn't set, the ZOOM module will automatically
595 allocate a result set name.
596 </entry><entry>default</entry></row>
598 rpnCharset</entry><entry>Character set for RPN terms.
599 If this is set, ZOOM C will assume that the ZOOM application is
600 running UTF-8. Terms in RPN queries are then converted to the
601 rpnCharset. If this is unset, ZOOM C will not assume any encoding
602 of RPN terms and no conversion is performed.
603 </entry><entry>none</entry></row>
608 For servers that support Search Info report, the following
609 options may be read using <function>ZOOM_resultset_get</function>.
610 This detailed information is read after a successful search has
614 This information is a list of of items, where each item is
615 information about a term or subquery. All items in the list
617 <literal>SearchResult.</literal><replaceable>no</replaceable>
618 where no presents the item number (0=first, 1=second).
619 Read <literal>searchresult.size</literal> to determine the
622 <table id="zoom.search.info.report.options"
623 frame="top"><title>Search Info Report Options</title>
625 <colspec colwidth="4*" colname="name"></colspec>
626 <colspec colwidth="7*" colname="description"></colspec>
629 <entry>Option</entry>
630 <entry>Description</entry>
635 <entry>searchresult.size</entry>
637 number of search result entries. This option is-nonexistant
638 if no entries are returned by the server.
642 <entry>searchresult.<replaceable>no</replaceable>.id</entry>
643 <entry>sub query ID</entry>
646 <entry>searchresult.<replaceable>no</replaceable>.count</entry>
647 <entry>result count for item (number of hits)</entry>
650 <entry>searchresult.<replaceable>no</replaceable>.subquery.term</entry>
651 <entry>subquery term</entry>
655 searchresult.<replaceable>no</replaceable>.interpretation.term
657 <entry>interpretation term</entry>
661 searchresult.<replaceable>no</replaceable>.recommendation.term
663 <entry>recommendation term</entry>
669 <sect2 id="zoom.z3950.resultset.sort">
670 <title>Z39.50 Result-set Sort</title>
672 void ZOOM_resultset_sort(ZOOM_resultset r,
673 const char *sort_type, const char *sort_spec);
675 int ZOOM_resultset_sort1(ZOOM_resultset r,
676 const char *sort_type, const char *sort_spec);
679 <function>ZOOM_resultset_sort</function> and
680 <function>ZOOM_resultset_sort1</function> both sort an existing
681 result-set. The sort_type parameter is not use. Set it to "yaz".
682 The sort_spec is same notation as ZOOM_query_sortby and identical
683 to that offered by yaz-client's
684 <link linkend="sortspec">sort command</link>.
687 These functions only work for Z39.50. Use the more generic utility
688 <link linkend="zoom.query.sortby2">
689 <function>ZOOM_query_sortby2</function></link>
690 for other protocols (and even Z39.50).
693 <sect2 id="zoom.z3950.resultset.behavior">
694 <title>Z39.50 Protocol behavior</title>
696 The creation of a result set involves at least a SearchRequest
697 - SearchResponse protocol handshake. Following that, if a sort
698 criteria was specified as part of the query, a SortRequest -
699 SortResponse handshake takes place. Note that it is necessary to
700 perform sorting before any retrieval takes place, so no records will
701 be returned from the target as part of the SearchResponse because these
702 would be unsorted. Hence, piggyback is disabled when sort criteria
703 are set. Following Search - and a possible sort - Retrieval takes
704 place - as one or more Present Requests/Response pairs being
708 The API allows for two different modes for retrieval. A high level
709 mode which is somewhat more powerful and a low level one.
710 The low level is enabled when searching on a Connection object
711 for which the settings
712 <literal>smallSetUpperBound</literal>,
713 <literal>mediumSetPresentNumber</literal> and
714 <literal>largeSetLowerBound</literal> are set. The low level mode
715 thus allows you to precisely set how records are returned as part
716 of a search response as offered by the Z39.50 protocol.
717 Since the client may be retrieving records as part of the
718 search response, this mode doesn't work well if sorting is used.
721 The high-level mode allows you to fetch a range of records from
722 the result set with a given start offset. When you use this mode
723 the client will automatically use piggyback if that is possible
724 with the target and perform one or more present requests as needed.
725 Even if the target returns fewer records as part of a present response
726 because of a record size limit, etc. the client will repeat sending
727 present requests. As an example, if option <literal>start</literal>
728 is 0 (default) and <literal>count</literal> is 4, and
729 <literal>piggyback</literal> is 1 (default) and no sorting criteria
730 is specified, then the client will attempt to retrieve the 4
731 records as part the search response (using piggyback). On the other
732 hand, if either <literal>start</literal> is positive or if
733 a sorting criteria is set, or if <literal>piggyback</literal>
734 is 0, then the client will not perform piggyback but send Present
738 If either of the options <literal>mediumSetElementSetName</literal> and
739 <literal>smallSetElementSetName</literal> are unset, the value
740 of option <literal>elementSetName</literal> is used for piggyback
741 searches. This means that for the high-level mode you only have
742 to specify one elementSetName option rather than three.
745 <sect2 id="zoom.sru.resultset.behavior">
746 <title>SRU Protocol behavior</title>
748 Current version of &yaz; does not take advantage of a result set id
749 returned by the SRU server. Future versions might do, however.
750 Since, the ZOOM driver does not save result set IDs any
751 present (retrieval) is transformed to a SRU SearchRetrieveRequest
752 with same query but, possibly, different offsets.
755 Option <literal>schema</literal> specifies SRU schema
756 for retrieval. However, options <literal>elementSetName</literal> and
757 <literal>preferredRecordSyntax</literal> are ignored.
760 Options <literal>start</literal> and <literal>count</literal>
761 are supported by SRU.
762 The remaining options
763 <literal>piggyback</literal>,
764 <literal>smallSetUpperBound</literal>,
765 <literal>largeSetLowerBound</literal>,
766 <literal>mediumSetPresentNumber</literal>,
767 <literal>mediumSetElementSetName</literal>,
768 <literal>smallSetElementSetName</literal> are
772 SRU supports CQL queries, <emphasis>not</emphasis> PQF.
773 If PQF is used, however, the PQF query is transferred anyway
774 using non-standard element <literal>pQuery</literal> in
775 SRU SearchRetrieveRequest.
778 Solr queries has to be done in Solr query format.
781 Unfortunately, SRU or Solr does not define a database setting. Hence,
782 <literal>databaseName</literal> is unsupported and ignored.
783 However, the path part in host parameter for functions
784 <function>ZOOM_connecton_new</function> and
785 <function>ZOOM_connection_connect</function> acts as a
786 database (at least for the &yaz; SRU server).
790 <sect1 id="zoom.records"><title>Records</title>
792 A record object is a retrieval record on the client side -
793 created from result sets.
796 void ZOOM_resultset_records(ZOOM_resultset r,
798 size_t start, size_t count);
799 ZOOM_record ZOOM_resultset_record(ZOOM_resultset s, size_t pos);
801 const char *ZOOM_record_get(ZOOM_record rec, const char *type,
804 int ZOOM_record_error(ZOOM_record rec, const char **msg,
805 const char **addinfo, const char **diagset);
807 ZOOM_record ZOOM_record_clone(ZOOM_record rec);
809 void ZOOM_record_destroy(ZOOM_record rec);
812 References to temporary records are returned by functions
813 <function>ZOOM_resultset_records</function> or
814 <function>ZOOM_resultset_record</function>.
817 If a persistent reference to a record is desired
818 <function>ZOOM_record_clone</function> should be used.
819 It returns a record reference that should be destroyed
820 by a call to <function>ZOOM_record_destroy</function>.
823 A single record is returned by function
824 <function>ZOOM_resultset_record</function> that takes a
825 position as argument. First record has position zero.
826 If no record could be obtained <literal>NULL</literal> is returned.
829 Error information for a record can be checked with
830 <function>ZOOM_record_error</function> which returns non-zero
831 (error code) if record is in error, called <emphasis>Surrogate
832 Diagnostics</emphasis> in Z39.50.
835 Function <function>ZOOM_resultset_records</function> retrieves
836 a number of records from a result set. Parameter <literal>start</literal>
837 and <literal>count</literal> specifies the range of records to
838 be returned. Upon completion array
839 <literal>recs[0], ..recs[count-1]</literal>
840 holds record objects for the records. The array of records
841 <literal>recs</literal> should be allocated prior the call
842 <function>ZOOM_resultset_records</function>. Note that for those
843 records that couldn't be retrieved from the target
844 <literal>recs[ ..]</literal> is set to <literal>NULL</literal>.
846 <para id="zoom.record.get">
847 In order to extract information about a single record,
848 <function>ZOOM_record_get</function> is provided. The
849 function returns a pointer to certain record information. The
850 nature (type) of the pointer depends on the parameter,
851 <parameter>type</parameter>.
854 The <parameter>type</parameter> is a string of the format:
857 <replaceable>format</replaceable>[;charset=<replaceable>from</replaceable>[/<replaceable>opacfrom</replaceable>][,<replaceable>to</replaceable>]][;format=<replaceable>v</replaceable>]
860 where <replaceable>format</replaceable> specifies the format of the
861 returned record, <replaceable>from</replaceable>
862 specifies the character set of the record in its original form
863 (as returned by the server), <replaceable>to</replaceable> specifies
864 the output (returned)
865 character set encoding.
866 If <replaceable>to</replaceable> is omitted UTF-8 is assumed.
867 If charset is not given, then no character set conversion takes place.
870 <para>OPAC records may be returned in a different
871 set from the bibliographic MARC record. If this is this the case,
872 <replaceable>opacfrom</replaceable> should be set to the character set
873 of the OPAC record part.
877 Specifying the OPAC record character set requires YAZ 4.1.5 or later.
881 The format argument controls whether record data should be XML
882 pretty-printed (post process operation).
883 It is enabled only if format value <replaceable>v</replaceable> is
884 <literal>1</literal> and the record content is XML well-formed.
887 In addition, for certain types, the length
888 <literal>len</literal> passed will be set to the size in bytes of
889 the returned information.
892 The following are the supported values for <replaceable>form</replaceable>.
894 <varlistentry><term><literal>database</literal></term>
895 <listitem><para>Database of record is returned
896 as a C null-terminated string. Return type
897 <literal>const char *</literal>.
900 <varlistentry><term><literal>syntax</literal></term>
901 <listitem><para>The transfer syntax of the record is returned
902 as a C null-terminated string containing the symbolic name of
903 the record syntax, e.g. <literal>Usmarc</literal>. Return type
905 <literal>const char *</literal>.
908 <varlistentry><term><literal>schema</literal></term>
909 <listitem><para>The schema of the record is returned
910 as a C null-terminated string. Return type is
911 <literal>const char *</literal>.
914 <varlistentry><term><literal>render</literal></term>
915 <listitem><para>The record is returned in a display friendly
916 format. Upon completion buffer is returned
917 (type <literal>const char *</literal>) and length is stored in
918 <literal>*len</literal>.
921 <varlistentry><term><literal>raw</literal></term>
922 <listitem><para>The record is returned in the internal
923 YAZ specific format. For GRS-1, Explain, and others, the
924 raw data is returned as type
925 <literal>Z_External *</literal> which is just the type for
926 the member <literal>retrievalRecord</literal> in
927 type <literal>NamePlusRecord</literal>.
928 For SUTRS and octet aligned record (including all MARCs) the
929 octet buffer is returned and the length of the buffer.
932 <varlistentry><term><literal>xml</literal></term>
933 <listitem><para>The record is returned in XML if possible.
934 SRU, Solr and Z39.50 records with transfer syntax XML are
935 returned verbatim. MARC records are returned in
936 <ulink url="&url.marcxml;">
939 (converted from ISO2709 to MARCXML by YAZ).
940 OPAC records are also converted to XML and the
941 bibliographic record is converted to MARCXML (when possible).
942 GRS-1 records are not supported for this form.
943 Upon completion, the XML buffer is returned
944 (type <literal>const char *</literal>) and length is stored in
945 <literal>*len</literal>.
948 <varlistentry><term><literal>opac</literal></term>
949 <listitem><para>OPAC information for record is returned in XML
950 if an OPAC record is present at the position given. If no
951 OPAC record is present, a NULL pointer is returned.
954 <varlistentry><term><literal>txml</literal></term>
955 <listitem><para>The record is returned in TurboMARC if possible.
956 SRU and Z39.50 records with transfer syntax XML are
957 returned verbatim. MARC records are returned in
958 <link linkend="tools.turbomarc">
961 (converted from ISO2709 to TurboMARC by YAZ).
962 Upon completion, the XML buffer is returned
963 (type <literal>const char *</literal>) and length is stored in
964 <literal>*len</literal>.
967 <varlistentry><term><literal>json</literal></term>
968 <listitem><para>Like xml, but MARC records are converted to
969 <ulink url="&url.marc_in_json;">MARC-in-JSON</ulink>.
977 <ulink url="&url.marc21;">MARC21</ulink>
979 <ulink url="&url.marc8;">MARC-8</ulink>
980 character set encoding.
981 An application that wishes to display in Latin-1 would use
983 render; charset=marc8,iso-8859-1
986 <sect2 id="zoom.z3950.record.behavior">
987 <title>Z39.50 Protocol behavior</title>
989 The functions <function>ZOOM_resultset_record</function> and
990 <function>ZOOM_resultset_records</function> inspects the client-side
991 record cache. Records not found in cache are fetched using
993 The functions may block (and perform network I/O) - even though option
994 <literal>async</literal> is 1, because they return records objects.
995 (and there's no way to return records objects without retrieving them!).
998 There is a trick, however, in the usage of function
999 <function>ZOOM_resultset_records</function> that allows for
1000 delayed retrieval (and makes it non-blocking). By using
1001 a null pointer for <parameter>recs</parameter> you're indicating
1002 you're not interested in getting records objects
1003 <emphasis>now</emphasis>.
1006 <sect2 id="zoom.sru.record.behavior">
1007 <title>SRU/Solr Protocol behavior</title>
1009 The ZOOM driver for SRU/Solr treats records returned by a SRU/Solr server
1010 as if they where Z39.50 records with transfer syntax XML and
1011 no element set name or database name.
1015 <sect1 id="zoom.facets"><title>Facets</title>
1017 Facets operations is not part of the official ZOOM specification, but
1018 is an Index Data extension for YAZ-based Z39.50 targets or
1019 <ulink url="&url.solr;">Solr</ulink> targets.
1020 In case the target can and is requested to return facets, using a
1021 result set the ZOOM client can request one or all facet fields.
1022 Using a facet field the client can request the term count and then
1023 interate over the terms.
1026 ZOOM_facet_field *ZOOM_resultset_facets(ZOOM_resultset r);
1028 const char ** ZOOM_resultset_facets_names(ZOOM_resultset r);
1030 ZOOM_facet_field ZOOM_resultset_get_facet_field(ZOOM_resultset r,
1031 const char *facet_name);
1033 ZOOM_facet_field ZOOM_resultset_get_facet_field_by_index(ZOOM_resultset r,
1036 size_t ZOOM_resultset_facets_size(ZOOM_resultset r);
1038 const char *ZOOM_facet_field_name(ZOOM_facet_field facet_field);
1040 size_t ZOOM_facet_field_term_count(ZOOM_facet_field facet_field);
1042 const char *ZOOM_facet_field_get_term(ZOOM_facet_field facet_field,
1043 size_t idx, int *freq);
1046 References to temporary structures are returned by all functions.
1047 They are only valid as long the Result set is valid.
1048 <function>ZOOM_resultset_get_facet_field</function> or
1049 <function>ZOOM_resultset_get_facet_field_by_index</function>.
1050 <function>ZOOM_resultset_facets</function>.
1051 <function>ZOOM_resultset_facets_names</function>.
1052 <function>ZOOM_facet_field_name</function>.
1053 <function>ZOOM_facet_field_get_term</function>.
1055 <para id="zoom.resultset.get_facet_field">
1056 A single Facet field is returned by function
1057 <function>ZOOM_resultset_get_facet_field</function> or
1058 <function>ZOOM_resultset_get_facet_field_by_index</function> that takes
1059 a result set and facet name or positive index respectively. First
1060 facet has position zero. If no facet could be obtained (invalid name
1061 or index out of bounds) <literal>NULL</literal> is returned.
1063 <para id="zoom.resultset.facets">
1064 An array of facets field can be returned by
1065 <function>ZOOM_resultset_facets</function>. The length of the array is
1066 given by <function>ZOOM_resultset_facets_size</function>. The array is
1067 zero-based and last entry will be at
1068 <function>ZOOM_resultset_facets_size(result_set)</function>-1.
1070 <para id="zoom.resultset.facets_names">
1071 It is possible to interate over facets by name, by calling
1072 <function>ZOOM_resultset_facets_names</function>.
1073 This will return an const array of char * where each string can be used
1074 as parameter for <function>ZOOM_resultset_get_facet_field</function>.
1077 Function <function>ZOOM_facet_field_name</function> gets the request
1078 facet name from a returned facet field.
1081 Function <function>ZOOM_facet_field_get_term</function> returns the
1082 idx'th term and term count for a facet field.
1083 Idx must between 0 and
1084 <function>ZOOM_facet_field_term_count</function>-1, otherwise the
1085 returned reference will be <literal>NULL</literal>. On a valid idx, the
1086 value of the freq reference will be the term count.
1087 The <literal>freq</literal> parameter must be valid pointer to integer.
1090 <sect1 id="zoom.scan"><title>Scan</title>
1092 This section describes an interface for Scan. Scan is not an
1093 official part of the ZOOM model yet. The result of a scan operation
1094 is the <literal>ZOOM_scanset</literal> which is a set of terms
1095 returned by a target.
1099 The Scan interface is supported for both Z39.50, SRU and Solr.
1103 ZOOM_scanset ZOOM_connection_scan(ZOOM_connection c,
1104 const char *startpqf);
1106 ZOOM_scanset ZOOM_connection_scan1(ZOOM_connection c,
1109 size_t ZOOM_scanset_size(ZOOM_scanset scan);
1111 const char *ZOOM_scanset_term(ZOOM_scanset scan, size_t pos,
1112 size_t *occ, size_t *len);
1114 const char *ZOOM_scanset_display_term(ZOOM_scanset scan, size_t pos,
1115 size_t *occ, size_t *len);
1117 void ZOOM_scanset_destroy(ZOOM_scanset scan);
1119 const char *ZOOM_scanset_option_get(ZOOM_scanset scan,
1122 void ZOOM_scanset_option_set(ZOOM_scanset scan, const char *key,
1126 The scan set is created by function
1127 <function>ZOOM_connection_scan</function> which performs a scan
1128 operation on the connection using the specified
1129 <parameter>startpqf</parameter>.
1130 If the operation was successful, the size of the scan set can be
1131 retrieved by a call to <function>ZOOM_scanset_size</function>.
1132 Like result sets, the items are numbered 0,..size-1.
1133 To obtain information about a particular scan term, call function
1134 <function>ZOOM_scanset_term</function>. This function takes
1135 a scan set offset <literal>pos</literal> and returns a pointer
1136 to a <emphasis>raw term</emphasis> or <literal>NULL</literal> if
1138 If present, the <literal>occ</literal> and <literal>len</literal>
1139 are set to the number of occurrences and the length
1140 of the actual term respectively.
1141 <function>ZOOM_scanset_display_term</function> is similar to
1142 <function>ZOOM_scanset_term</function> except that it returns
1143 the <emphasis>display term</emphasis> rather than the raw term.
1144 In a few cases, the term is different from display term. Always
1145 use the display term for display and the raw term for subsequent
1146 scan operations (to get more terms, next scan result, etc).
1149 A scan set may be freed by a call to function
1150 <function>ZOOM_scanset_destroy</function>.
1151 Functions <function>ZOOM_scanset_option_get</function> and
1152 <function>ZOOM_scanset_option_set</function> retrieves and sets
1153 an option respectively.
1157 The <parameter>startpqf</parameter> is a subset of PQF, namely
1158 the Attributes+Term part. Multiple <literal>@attr</literal> can
1159 be used. For example to scan in title (complete) phrases:
1161 @attr 1=4 @attr 6=2 "science o"
1166 The <function>ZOOM_connecton_scan1</function> is a newer and
1167 more generic alternative to <function>ZOOM_connection_scan</function>
1168 which allows to use both CQL and PQF for Scan.
1171 <table frame="top" id="zoom.scanset.options">
1172 <title>ZOOM Scan Set Options</title>
1174 <colspec colwidth="4*" colname="name"></colspec>
1175 <colspec colwidth="7*" colname="description"></colspec>
1176 <colspec colwidth="2*" colname="default"></colspec>
1179 <entry>Option</entry>
1180 <entry>Description</entry>
1181 <entry>Default</entry>
1186 number</entry><entry>Number of Scan Terms requested in next scan.
1187 After scan it holds the actual number of terms returned.
1188 </entry><entry>20</entry></row>
1190 position</entry><entry>Preferred Position of term in response
1191 in next scan; actual position after completion of scan.
1192 </entry><entry>1</entry></row>
1194 stepSize</entry><entry>Step Size
1195 </entry><entry>0</entry></row>
1197 scanStatus</entry><entry>An integer indicating the Scan Status
1199 </entry><entry>0</entry></row>
1201 rpnCharset</entry><entry>Character set for RPN terms.
1202 If this is set, ZOOM C will assume that the ZOOM application is
1203 running UTF-8. Terms in RPN queries are then converted to the
1204 rpnCharset. If this is unset, ZOOM C will not assume any encoding
1205 of RPN terms and no conversion is performed.
1206 </entry><entry>none</entry></row>
1212 <sect1 id="zoom.extendedservices"><title>Extended Services</title>
1214 ZOOM offers an interface to a subset of the Z39.50 extended services
1215 as well as a few privately defined ones:
1220 Z39.50 Item Order (ILL).
1221 See <xref linkend="zoom.item.order"/>.
1226 Record Update. This allows a client to insert, modify or delete
1228 See <xref linkend="zoom.record.update"/>.
1233 Database Create. This a non-standard feature. Allows a client
1234 to create a database.
1235 See <xref linkend="zoom.database.create"/>.
1240 Database Drop. This a non-standard feature. Allows a client
1241 to delete/drop a database.
1242 See <xref linkend="zoom.database.drop"/>.
1247 Commit operation. This a non-standard feature. Allows a client
1248 to commit operations.
1249 See <xref linkend="zoom.commit"/>.
1252 <!-- all the ILL PDU options should go here too -->
1255 To create an extended service operation a <literal>ZOOM_package</literal>
1256 must be created. The operation is a five step operation. The
1257 package is created, package is configured by means of options,
1258 the package is send, result is inspected (by means of options),
1259 the package is destroyed.
1262 ZOOM_package ZOOM_connection_package(ZOOM_connection c,
1263 ZOOM_options options);
1265 const char *ZOOM_package_option_get(ZOOM_package p,
1267 void ZOOM_package_option_set(ZOOM_package p, const char *key,
1269 void ZOOM_package_send(ZOOM_package p, const char *type);
1271 void ZOOM_package_destroy(ZOOM_package p);
1274 The <function>ZOOM_connection_package</function> creates a
1275 package for the connection given using the options specified.
1278 Functions <function>ZOOM_package_option_get</function> and
1279 <function>ZOOM_package_option_set</function> gets and sets
1283 <function>ZOOM_package_send</function> sends
1284 the package the via connection specified in
1285 <function>ZOOM_connection_package</function>.
1286 The <parameter>type</parameter> specifies the actual extended service
1287 package type to be sent.
1290 <table frame="top" id="zoom.extendedservices.options">
1291 <title>Extended Service Common Options</title>
1293 <colspec colwidth="4*" colname="name"></colspec>
1294 <colspec colwidth="7*" colname="description"></colspec>
1295 <colspec colwidth="3*" colname="default"></colspec>
1298 <entry>Option</entry>
1299 <entry>Description</entry>
1300 <entry>Default</entry>
1305 <entry>package-name</entry>
1306 <entry>Extended Service Request package name. Must be specified
1307 as part of a request</entry>
1311 <entry>user-id</entry>
1312 <entry>User ID of Extended Service Package. Is a request option</entry>
1316 <entry>function</entry>
1318 Function of package - one of <literal>create</literal>,
1319 <literal>delete</literal>, <literal>modify</literal>. Is
1322 <entry><literal>create</literal></entry>
1325 <entry>waitAction</entry>
1327 Wait action for package. Possible values:
1328 <literal>wait</literal>, <literal>waitIfPossible</literal>,
1329 <literal>dontWait</literal> or <literal>dontReturnPackage</literal>.
1331 <entry><literal>waitIfPossible</literal></entry>
1334 <entry>targetReference</entry>
1336 Target Reference. This is part of the response as returned
1337 by the server. Read it after a successful operation.
1339 <entry><literal>none</literal></entry>
1345 <sect2 id="zoom.item.order"><title>Item Order</title>
1347 For Item Order, type must be set to <literal>itemorder</literal> in
1348 <function>ZOOM_package_send</function>.
1351 <table frame="top" id="zoom.item.order.options">
1352 <title>Item Order Options</title>
1354 <colspec colwidth="4*" colname="name"></colspec>
1355 <colspec colwidth="7*" colname="description"></colspec>
1356 <colspec colwidth="3*" colname="default"></colspec>
1359 <entry>Option</entry>
1360 <entry>Description</entry>
1361 <entry>Default</entry>
1366 <entry>contact-name</entry>
1367 <entry>ILL contact name</entry>
1371 <entry>contact-phone</entry>
1372 <entry>ILL contact phone</entry>
1376 <entry>contact-email</entry>
1377 <entry>ILL contact email</entry>
1381 <entry>itemorder-item</entry>
1382 <entry>Position for item (record) requested. An integer</entry>
1391 <sect2 id="zoom.record.update"><title>Record Update</title>
1393 For Record Update, type must be set to <literal>update</literal> in
1394 <function>ZOOM_package_send</function>.
1397 <table frame="top" id="zoom.record.update.options">
1398 <title>Record Update Options</title>
1400 <colspec colwidth="4*" colname="name"></colspec>
1401 <colspec colwidth="7*" colname="description"></colspec>
1402 <colspec colwidth="3*" colname="default"></colspec>
1405 <entry>Option</entry>
1406 <entry>Description</entry>
1407 <entry>Default</entry>
1412 <entry>action</entry>
1414 The update action. One of
1415 <literal>specialUpdate</literal>,
1416 <literal>recordInsert</literal>,
1417 <literal>recordReplace</literal>,
1418 <literal>recordDelete</literal>,
1419 <literal>elementUpdate</literal>.
1421 <entry><literal>specialUpdate (recordInsert for updateVersion=1 which does not support specialUpdate)</literal></entry>
1424 <entry>recordIdOpaque</entry>
1425 <entry>Opaque Record ID</entry>
1429 <entry>recordIdNumber</entry>
1430 <entry>Record ID number</entry>
1434 <entry>record</entry>
1435 <entry>The record itself</entry>
1439 <entry>recordOpaque</entry>
1440 <entry>Specifies an opaque record which is
1441 encoded as an ASN.1 ANY type with the OID as tiven by option
1442 <literal>syntax</literal> (see below).
1443 Option <literal>recordOpaque</literal> is an alternative
1444 to record - and <literal>record</literal> option (above) is
1445 ignored if recordOpaque is set. This option is only available in
1446 YAZ 3.0.35 and later and is meant to facilitate Updates with
1452 <entry>syntax</entry>
1453 <entry>The record syntax (transfer syntax). Is a string that
1454 is a known record syntax.
1456 <entry>no syntax</entry>
1459 <entry>databaseName</entry>
1460 <entry>Database from connection object</entry>
1461 <entry>Default</entry>
1464 <entry>correlationInfo.note</entry>
1465 <entry>Correlation Info Note (string)</entry>
1469 <entry>correlationInfo.id</entry>
1470 <entry>Correlation Info ID (integer)</entry>
1474 <entry>elementSetName</entry>
1475 <entry>Element Set for Record</entry>
1479 <entry>updateVersion</entry>
1480 <entry>Record Update version which holds one of the values
1481 1, 2 or 3. Each version has a distinct OID:
1483 (<ulink url="&url.z39.50.extupdate1;">first version</ulink>) ,
1485 (second version) and
1486 1.2.840.10003.9.5.1.1
1487 (<ulink url="&url.z39.50.extupdate3;">third and
1488 newest version</ulink>).
1498 <sect2 id="zoom.database.create"><title>Database Create</title>
1500 For Database Create, type must be set to <literal>create</literal> in
1501 <function>ZOOM_package_send</function>.
1504 <table frame="top" id="zoom.database.create.options">
1505 <title>Database Create Options</title>
1507 <colspec colwidth="4*" colname="name"></colspec>
1508 <colspec colwidth="7*" colname="description"></colspec>
1509 <colspec colwidth="3*" colname="default"></colspec>
1512 <entry>Option</entry>
1513 <entry>Description</entry>
1514 <entry>Default</entry>
1519 <entry>databaseName</entry>
1520 <entry>Database from connection object</entry>
1521 <entry>Default</entry>
1528 <sect2 id="zoom.database.drop"><title>Database Drop</title>
1530 For Database Drop, type must be set to <literal>drop</literal> in
1531 <function>ZOOM_package_send</function>.
1534 <table frame="top" id="zoom.database.drop.options">
1535 <title>Database Drop Options</title>
1537 <colspec colwidth="4*" colname="name"></colspec>
1538 <colspec colwidth="7*" colname="description"></colspec>
1539 <colspec colwidth="3*" colname="default"></colspec>
1542 <entry>Option</entry>
1543 <entry>Description</entry>
1544 <entry>Default</entry>
1549 <entry>databaseName</entry>
1550 <entry>Database from connection object</entry>
1551 <entry>Default</entry>
1558 <sect2 id="zoom.commit"><title>Commit Operation</title>
1560 For Commit, type must be set to <literal>commit</literal> in
1561 <function>ZOOM_package_send</function>.
1565 <sect2 id="zoom.extended.services.behavior">
1566 <title>Protocol behavior</title>
1568 All the extended services are Z39.50-only.
1572 The database create, drop and commit services are privately defined
1574 Refer to <filename>esadmin.asn</filename> in YAZ for the ASN.1
1581 <sect1 id="zoom.options"><title>Options</title>
1583 Most &zoom; objects provide a way to specify options to change behavior.
1584 From an implementation point of view a set of options is just like
1585 an associative array / hash.
1588 ZOOM_options ZOOM_options_create(void);
1590 ZOOM_options ZOOM_options_create_with_parent(ZOOM_options parent);
1592 void ZOOM_options_destroy(ZOOM_options opt);
1595 const char *ZOOM_options_get(ZOOM_options opt, const char *name);
1597 void ZOOM_options_set(ZOOM_options opt, const char *name,
1601 typedef const char *(*ZOOM_options_callback)
1602 (void *handle, const char *name);
1604 ZOOM_options_callback
1605 ZOOM_options_set_callback(ZOOM_options opt,
1606 ZOOM_options_callback c,
1611 <sect1 id="zoom.queryconversions"><title>Query conversions</title>
1613 int ZOOM_query_cql2rpn(ZOOM_query s, const char *cql_str,
1614 ZOOM_connection conn);
1616 int ZOOM_query_ccl2rpn(ZOOM_query s, const char *ccl_str,
1618 int *ccl_error, const char **error_string,
1622 <function>ZOOM_query_cql2rpn</function> translates the CQL string,
1623 client-side, into RPN which may be passed to the server.
1624 This is useful for server's that don't themselves
1625 support CQL, for which <function>ZOOM_query_cql</function> is useless.
1626 `conn' is used only as a place to stash diagnostics if compilation
1627 fails; if this information is not needed, a null pointer may be used.
1628 The CQL conversion is driven by option <literal>cqlfile</literal> from
1629 connection conn. This specifies a conversion file (eg pqf.properties)
1630 which <emphasis>must</emphasis> be present.
1633 <function>ZOOM_query_ccl2rpn</function> translates the CCL string,
1634 client-side, into RPN which may be passed to the server.
1635 The conversion is driven by the specification given by
1636 <literal>config</literal>. Upon completion 0 is returned on success; -1
1637 is returned on on failure. Om failure <literal>error_string</literal> and
1638 <literal>error_pos</literal> holds error message and position of
1639 first error in original CCL string.
1642 <sect1 id="zoom.events"><title>Events</title>
1644 If you're developing non-blocking applications, you have to deal
1648 int ZOOM_event(int no, ZOOM_connection *cs);
1651 The <function>ZOOM_event</function> executes pending events for
1652 a number of connections. Supply the number of connections in
1653 <literal>no</literal> and an array of connections in
1654 <literal>cs</literal> (<literal>cs[0] ... cs[no-1]</literal>).
1655 A pending event could be a sending a search, receiving a response,
1657 When an event has occurred for one of the connections, this function
1658 returns a positive integer <literal>n</literal> denoting that an event
1659 occurred for connection <literal>cs[n-1]</literal>.
1660 When no events are pending for the connections, a value of zero is
1662 To ensure that all outstanding requests are performed call this function
1663 repeatedly until zero is returned.
1666 If <function>ZOOM_event</function> returns and returns non-zero, the
1667 last event that occurred can be expected.
1670 int ZOOM_connection_last_event(ZOOM_connection cs);
1673 <function>ZOOM_connection_last_event</function> returns an event type
1674 (integer) for the last event.
1677 <table frame="top" id="zoom.event.ids">
1678 <title>ZOOM Event IDs</title>
1680 <colspec colwidth="4*" colname="name"></colspec>
1681 <colspec colwidth="7*" colname="description"></colspec>
1684 <entry>Event</entry>
1685 <entry>Description</entry>
1690 <entry>ZOOM_EVENT_NONE</entry>
1691 <entry>No event has occurred</entry>
1694 <entry>ZOOM_EVENT_CONNECT</entry>
1695 <entry>TCP/IP connect has initiated</entry>
1698 <entry>ZOOM_EVENT_SEND_DATA</entry>
1699 <entry>Data has been transmitted (sending)</entry>
1702 <entry>ZOOM_EVENT_RECV_DATA</entry>
1703 <entry>Data has been received)</entry>
1706 <entry>ZOOM_EVENT_TIMEOUT</entry>
1707 <entry>Timeout</entry>
1710 <entry>ZOOM_EVENT_UNKNOWN</entry>
1711 <entry>Unknown event</entry>
1714 <entry>ZOOM_EVENT_SEND_APDU</entry>
1715 <entry>An APDU has been transmitted (sending)</entry>
1718 <entry>ZOOM_EVENT_RECV_APDU</entry>
1719 <entry>An APDU has been received</entry>
1722 <entry>ZOOM_EVENT_RECV_RECORD</entry>
1723 <entry>A result-set record has been received</entry>
1726 <entry>ZOOM_EVENT_RECV_SEARCH</entry>
1727 <entry>A search result been received</entry>
1735 <!-- Keep this comment at the end of the file
1740 sgml-minimize-attributes:nil
1741 sgml-always-quote-attributes:t
1744 sgml-parent-document: "yaz.xml"
1745 sgml-local-catalogs: nil
1746 sgml-namecase-general:t